Can using a CPAP machine cause coughing?

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is a highly effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition that can lead to fragmented sleep, daytime fatigue, and a host of health issues. However, some individuals using CPAP machines may experience coughing as a side effect of their therapy. In this article, we will explore the potential reasons behind CPAP-induced coughing, how to address this issue, and when it might be necessary to consult a healthcare provider.

Why Might CPAP Therapy Cause Coughing?

CPAP therapy involves the delivery of pressurized air through a mask, which helps maintain open airways and prevents interruptions in breathing during sleep. While CPAP is generally well-tolerated, coughing can occur for various reasons:

1. Dry or Irritated Airways

The continuous flow of air from the CPAP machine can sometimes dry out the throat and airway, leading to irritation and a persistent cough.

2. Allergies or Nasal Congestion

Allergies, sinusitis, or nasal congestion can make individuals more prone to coughing while using CPAP machines. These conditions can restrict airflow and trigger cough reflexes.

3. Mask Fit Issues

An ill-fitting or uncomfortable CPAP mask can cause discomfort and trigger coughing, as users may unconsciously try to adjust the mask or breathe through their mouth.

4. Pressure Sensitivity

Some individuals may be more sensitive to the pressure levels of CPAP therapy, and this can lead to discomfort and coughing.

5. Exhalation Pressure

In BiPAP therapy, which includes an expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) setting, the sensation of breathing out against the pressure can cause discomfort and coughing for some users.

Tips to Manage CPAP-Induced Coughing

If you're experiencing coughing while using a CPAP machine, don't worry; there are several strategies to help alleviate this issue:

1. Humidification

Consider using a CPAP humidifier, which adds moisture to the pressurized air. This can help prevent dryness and irritation in the airway.

2. Proper Mask Fit

Ensure that your CPAP mask fits correctly and comfortably. An ill-fitting mask can cause discomfort and lead to coughing. Consult with your equipment provider to find the right mask size and style for you.

3. Allergy Management

If allergies or nasal congestion are contributing to your cough, consult with an allergist or healthcare provider to address these issues. Nasal decongestants or antihistamines may be recommended.

4. Gradual Adjustment

If you're new to CPAP therapy, it may take some time for your body to adapt to the sensation of pressurized air. Start with lower pressure settings and gradually increase them as you become more accustomed to the therapy.

5. Exhalation Relief

If you're using BiPAP therapy and experiencing coughing during exhalation, discuss this with your healthcare provider. They can adjust your settings or provide recommendations to alleviate the discomfort.

6. Regular Cleaning

Ensure that your CPAP equipment is clean and well-maintained. Regularly clean the mask, tubing, and humidifier to prevent the buildup of irritants.

7. Consult a Healthcare Provider

If your coughing persists despite trying these strategies, consult with your healthcare provider or a sleep specialist. They can evaluate your situation, assess your therapy settings, and recommend additional solutions or adjustments.